KILAT

Optimasi Biaya Modal Awal Instalasi Sistem Pembangkit Energi Terbatukan Hibrid Fotovoltaik Dan Turbin Angin

Herminarto Nugroho — 2024-01-29

The use of energy that continues to increase from time to time cannot be stopped so that the use of electrical energy cannot only rely on fossil energy. Utilization of wind energy and solar energy in a hybrid can be an option to be developed. However, the cost of developing renewable energy is still very high when compared to conventional energy. Therefore, several methods are needed to design so that the initial capital costs of developing renewable energy can be minimized while still meeting needs. There are several methods that can be used, namely Genetic Algorithm (GA) and find the minimum of constrained nonlinear multivariable function (fmincon). From these two methods, it was found that by using fmincon, optimization results were obtained that were faster than GA, but at fmincon it was necessary to recalculate costs manually when the number of wind turbines and the number of photovoltaics that meet the constraints were found. Because, in this case the number of wind turbines and the number of fotovoltaik are units in the form of integers. Thus, the fmincon method does not have the ability to create integer constraints, but the GA method does. For both the GA and the fmincon methods, the optimization results for the amount of photovoltaic, wind turbines and initial capital costs will be equally accurate.

Penggunaan energi yang terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu tidak dapat dibendung sehingga penggunaan energi listrik tidak dapat hanya mengandalkan energi fosil saja. Pemanfaatan energi angin dan energi surya secara hibrid dapat menjadi salah satu pilihan untuk dikembangkan. Namun, biaya pengembangan energi terbarukan masih sangat tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan energi konvensional. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan beberapa metode untuk mendesain agar biaya modal awal pengembangan energi terbarukan dapat diminimalkan namun tetap memenuhi kebutuhan. Terdapat beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan yaitu Genetic Algorithm (GA) dan find minimum of constrained nonlinear multivariable function (fmincon). Dari dua metode tersebut didapati bahwa dengan menggunakan fmincon diperoleh hasil optimasi yang lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan GA namun pada fmincon perlu dilakukan perhitungan kembali biaya secara manual saat ditemukan jumlah turbin angin dan jumlah fotovoltaik yang memenuhi constraint. Sebab, pada kasus ini jumlah turbin angin dan jumlah fotovoltaik merupakan satuan yang berbentuk bilangan bulat. Sehingga, metode fmincon tidak memiliki kemampuan untuk membuat integer constraint namun metode GA mampu. Baik metode GA maupun fmincon, akan diperoleh hasil optimasi jumlah fotovoltaik, turbin angin, dan biaya modal awal yang sama akuratnya.

Perancangan Alat Smart Trash Bin untuk Pembakaran Sampah Berbasis SMS Gateway

Rummi Santi Rama Sirait — 2024-01-29

Waste accumulation is one of the problems faced by urban communities, where garbage accumulation can cause environmental pollution and health problems in the community. This research will design a garbage combustion tool that works automatically that can be monitored at the height of the waste and process the burning of the garbage through the SMS Gateway. The working device on the system consists of a power supply, LM35 sensor, AC voltage dimmer, heating element, infrared proximity sensor, SIM900l GSM/GPRS shield, DC-DC converter, ZMPT101B voltage sensor, ACS712 current sensor, and Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller. Results show the performance of the process of burning the waste is carried out with conditions at the level of the height of waste and conditions based on a load of waste. To the height of waste, PWM is set at 150 at a height of 25%, 200 at a height of 50%, and 255 at a height of 75% for different types of waste, namely plastic, combination, styrofoam, and paper. Overall the tool can work for burning garbage with a 500-gram load/process, with an average of 500 watts of power generated and a burning time of 5 minutes.

Implementasi Algoritma Rabin-Karp pada Pengecekan Plagiarisme dalam Penulisan Laporan Kerja Magang Mahasiswa ITPLN

Firmansyah Apryadhi — 2024-01-29

Internship is a mandatory task to be carried out by students of the Institut Teknologi PLN (ITPLN) as a graduation requirement that must be fulfilled. This activity has a minimum duration of 3 months, and students participating in the internship program are required to compose a report as a crucial component of the internship course. Subsequently, this report will serve as a prerequisite for participating in a presentation after the internship period concludes. During the process of composing internship reports, there are instances where several students are involved in academic violations such as plagiarism. One common form of plagiarism is copying text from other students and incorporating it into their reports with little to no alteration. Therefore, this research aims to perform plagiarism detection in student internship reports using the Rabin-Karp algorithm. The development of this application will follow the waterfall development method and will be implemented in the form of a website platform. These steps are expected to enhance the ability to analyze the level of similarity among student internship report documents.

The Kajian Experimental Karakterisasi Sifat Mekanik Hasil Pengelasan FCAW Material JIS G3106 Grade SM 490 YB

DENDI HANDIMAN DENDI — 2024-01-30

The results of the study of the mechanical properties of low carbon steel mechanical characteristics in shearing, plasma and oxyfuel cutting technologies to determine the application and preparation of the workpiece side without machining and subsequent piecing will be discussed in this study. The results show that the lowest hardness is at shearing cuts, while the highest is obtained by plasma cutting and oxyfuel. The depth of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) varies from 1 to 4 mm for plasma and oxyfuel depending on the type of steel and cutting. The tensile strength of FCAW welding results between shearing, plasma and oxyfuel cutting technologies has a yield strength difference of around 5.6 N / mm² and the highest impact yield on plasma cutting results is 81.3 joules.

Pemanfaatan PLTS On Grid Pada Rooftop PLTGU Blok 1 PT PLN Nusantara Power Berbasis Isolarcloud

Rio Afrianda — 2024-01-30

PLTS (Solar Power) is an alternative energy that is used as the construction and development of new and renewable energy (EBT) to address the need for electrical energy. Usually the installation of PLTS is connected with software to monitor its work. This research uses a software called Isolarcloud. The purpose of this research is to find out the material used in PLTS, to calculate the input power and output power based on Isolarcloud data, to calculate the efficiency of the inverter connected to Isolarcloud and to know and understand the effect of solar radiation intensity. The research method used is a quantitative method with observation, testing, measurement and data processing. The results obtained are solar panels used as many as 76 pieces with a size of 2m x 1m and inverters and several other equipment. The highest input power and output power are at 12.00 WIB and the lowest is at 07.00 WIB. The efficiency value of the inverter per hour varies where the efficiency value almost reaches 100% so that it can be said that PLTS works optimally which is influenced by the intensity of solar radiation where the intensity of solar radiation increases, the power generated by PLTS also increases.

Rancang Bangun Buck Converter Efisiensi Tinggi Dengan Pengendali Arduino Nano Berbasis Simulasi Multisim 14.2

Ahmad Mushawwir Alfikri — 2024-01-29

A DC converter is needed to adjust the voltage generated by the PV cell so that it can be connected to the battery. DC converter devices have various efficiencies depending on the type of topology, as well as the selection of electronic components that make up the DC converter which has an impact on a lot of wasted energy in the electrical conversion process. According to Chapman (2005:105), the Buck Converter topology has an efficiency of up to 85%. A common challenge found in all types of DC converters is how to design a DC converter with high work efficiency. The author designed a Buck Converter with an efficiency of up to 90%, which can be integrated with a 20Wp PV Cell as input and a 12V50Ah VRLA Battery as output. The design begins by making a circuit simulation on the NI Multisim 14.2 software. Based on the simulation, a Buck Converter prototype was made with an Arduino Nano controller. Input Voltage Variation Test resulted that the maximum efficiency of the Buck Converter Simulation is 98% and the maximum efficiency of the Buck Converter Prototype is 92%. Duty Cycle Variation Test resulted that the maximum efficiency of Buck Converter Simulation is 99.3% and the maximum efficiency of Buck Converter Prototype is 96.4%. Load Variation Test resulted that the maximum efficiency of Buck Converter Simulation is 97.3% and the maximum efficiency of Buck Converter Prototype is 91.8%.

Perancangan Sistem Aplikasi Prediksi Risiko pada Koneksi Komponen Listrik Panel Control Motor Chiller Menggunakan Thermal Imagers Fluke dengan Metode AI-Vision

Kharisma Hikmawan — 2024-01-29

The high demand for data and information in the digital era requires the availability of supporting facilities in the form of data centers. As a physical facility, a data center consists of an array of interconnected electronic devices that form a system. Large amounts of data processing activity can cause electronic devices to become overheated. Overheated temperatures on electronic components can cause problems such as damage to devices and decreased performance, resulting in the loss of important data and threatening the continuity of business operations. Optimal data center temperatures can be maintained by using a chiller that is monitored regularly. Through this research, the authors designed the AI-Vision system to make risk predictions for chillers in the H2-01 Karawang data center. AI-Vision is an artificial intelligence application system using machine learning methods to calculate the risk prediction of the condition of electrical components in a chiller based on images captured by thermal imagers fluke. The AI-Vision application uses image processing and the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm to produce risk predictions that are adjusted to standards issued by PT. DCI by adopting IEC 60269 and PUIL 2011 standards, as well as research conducted by EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute). The results of this study are in the form of a risk prediction with an accuracy value of 90%.

Pembangunan Aplikasi dan Klasifikasi Pertanyaan Chatbot Informasi Akademik Menggunakan Metode Cosine Similarity dan Naïve Bayes

Rosida Nur Aziza — 2024-01-29

The fast delivery of accurate academic information for students is one of the problems faced by the Program Studi Teknik Informatika IT PLN. Information received by students from social media belongs to the department, as well as from fellow students is often inaccurate and unclear, or requires further explanation, while questions asked to the department office via chat are not always answered on time. To overcome this problem, a chatbot application was built to produce automatic answers to incoming questions. On the other hand, chat applications, such as WhatsApp, LINE, and Telegram, have provided Application Programming Interface (API) facilities for sending and receiving messages that allow the development of applications to be in the form of chats. Therefore, the Chatbot proposed in this study is implemented on Telegram app and was developed using the Stemmer Literature as a library for the message preprocessing, the TF-IDF method for word weighting, and the Cosine Similarity method for examining similarities between objects. Based on the results of the test, the accuracy is 90% calculated using confusion matrix and the average of cosine similarity

Alternatif Back Feeding Dengan Instalasi Kabel 20 kV Pada Auxiliary Transformer Analisis Biaya (Menggunakan Etap)

Rio Afrianda — 2024-01-29

In order to actualize the 35,000 MW government program, the JAWA 2 Combined Cycle Power Plant (PLTGU) is built, with a power capacity of 800 MW and distributed trough a 500 kV interconnection system located in the PLTGU Tanjung Priok area, North Jakarta. This project have several stage before the operation such as planning, construction and testing/commissioning. In testing period, the electricity required for testing the equipment is supplied from the existing power grid or also known as back feeding. One of the alternatives for back feeding PLTGU Jawa 2 is to use electricity from the 20 kV GIS 150 kV cubicle of Priok Timur Lama, this method has the potential of delays if the installation of the 20 kV cable connection that supplies the auxiliary transformer unit is not carried out properly. The 20 kV cable connected to the auxiliary transformer bushing unit will experience cable stress if the bending radius of the cable in connecting the 20 kV cable to the auxiliary transformer bushing unit is not taken into account. From these constraints a study can be carried out on the installation design of the 20 kV cable connection that supplies the auxiliary transformer unit. moreover, a study to determine of the type of 20 kV cable is also necessary so that the power source can be optimally distributed to the equipment to be tested. With this study, the back feeding can proceed according to a predetermined schedule and any issue during the back feeding test can be anticipated beforehand.

Karakteristik Pengontrolan Torka Pengereman Regeneratif Pada Kendaraan Listrik Dengan Integrasi Ultrakapasitor

Rizki Pratama Putra — 2024-01-30

Regenerative braking on conventional electric vehicles utilizes the battery as a load in the braking phase to create reverse electric torque which will slow down the vehicle. This method has the disadvantage that the amount of braking torque depends on the maximum charging current of the battery. This final project examines a regenerative braking system using an ultracapacitor as a reverse electric torque-producing load that creates a slowdown in the rotation of the driving motor (BLDC/Brushless DC). The regenerative braking trial using ultracapacitors was carried out on a laboratory scale test model by varying the rotational load or inertia and the number of parallelized capacitors, which will see the effect on the amount of regeneration energy and braking torque that occurs. The load variations are 2.5 kg, 3.75 kg and 5 kg, speed variations of 600 rpm, 700 rpm and 800 rpm and variations of single, parallel ultracapacitor configuration. From the test results obtained the highest current, voltage and braking values ??at a load variation of 2.5 kg with a speed of 800 rpm and one ultracapacitor with a successive value of 1.57 m/s2, 5.8 mA and 7.87 V. As for the highest energy of 0.2091662 Joule obtained from a load variation of 5 kg with a speed of 800 rpm and parallel ultracapacitor. In addition, it is also known that the highest deceleration torque, on average, was obtained in the test with the lowest load mass, namely 2.5 kg. From the overall test results, it can be observed and concluded that the retarding torque is influenced by the maximum regeneration current that can be achieved, where the value is influenced by the type of capacitor and the regeneration voltage. So that the effective deceleration is only seen at low load inertia and less significant at high load inertia.

Pengaruh Variasi Injection Speed Dan Holding Pressure Terhadap Sink Mark Pada Produk Tutup Lipstik Dengan Material Polypropylene

Grabella Tunngul Kharisma Adjie Adjie — 2024-01-30

In this research, the effect of variations in injection speed and holding pressure on sink marks that occur in lipstick cap products will be investigated. Determining variations in injection speed and holding pressure is needed so that plastic production results are optimal. Variations in injection speed and holding pressure will be investigated using the full factorial design method with a combination of two independent variables consisting of three levels. Furthermore, proving the effect of these parameters will be carried out by providing several variations of injection speed and holding pressure. After that, the test results will look at the depth of the sink mark and product visuals formed using the quick vision machine. The results show that the injection speed has a significant effect on the sink marks that occur. However, holding pressure also has an effect on changes in sink marks for the better, although not too significant.